Vitellogenin Induction in Male Oreochromis niloticus: Indication of Estrogenicity in Taal Lake, Philippines
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52751/5tbqsv61Keywords:
Vitellogenin induction, 17β-estradiol, Estrogenicity, Taal lake, Male tilapiaAbstract
Vitellogenin (VTG) is an egg-yolk protein precursor normally produced by sexually mature female fish but can also be synthesized by males under the influence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). 17β-estradiol (E2), an EDC, has been reported to contaminate aquatic systems and cause the feminization of male fishes. The prevalence of EDCs in Taal Lake threatens its biodiversity. Taal Lake is the habitat of the endemic freshwater sardine, Sardinella tawilis. The continuous loading of EDCs might affect the population dynamics of such critical wild species, leading to a decline in the wild fish catch and extinction as a long-term effect. This study determined the contamination of Taal Lake with E2 and the VTG induction in male Oreochromis niloticus. Water samples were collected from Taal Lake for E2 analysis through ELISA. Also, sexually mature male O. niloticus were obtained, and concentrations of their blood plasma VTG were determined using ELISA. Water samples from Taal Lake had E2 concentrations at 1.22 ± 0.64 μg/L. The collected male O. niloticus had VTG concentrations at 478.90 ± 129.98 ng/mL. The results from this study provide evidence of vitellogenin production in male O. niloticus. However, the measured VTG induction is not limited to exposure to 17β-estradiol.
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