Total Phenolic Content and Antibacterial Properties of Gulian and Ginampay (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) Varieties

Gio Patrick Balansag; Reggie Dela Cruz; Joliesa Mae Toledo; Eliazar Jr. Peniton

doi:10.52751/cmujs.2025.v1.w0a0bx51

Authors

Gio Patrick Balansag Central Mindanao University Author
Dr. Reggie Y. Dela Cruz Central Mindanao University Author
Dr. Joliesa Mae S. Toldeo Central Mindanao University Author
Dr. Eliazar Peniton Jr. Central Mindanao University Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52751/cmujs.2025.v1.w0a0bx51

Keywords:

Coix lacryma-jobi L., Phytochemical Screening, Antibacterial assay, Bioactive compounds

Abstract

Coix lacryma-jobi L., commonly known as Adlay or Job’s tears is a traditional crop known for its nutritional and medicinal value, attributed to its diverse phytochemicals. Among its varieties, Gulian and Ginampay are widely cultivated in the Philippines, yet limited studies have investigated their bioactive properties. This study aimed to compare the total phenolic content and antibacterial activity of seed oils from Gulian and Ginampay varieties. Phytochemical screening of oil extracted via solvent-extraction revealed that Gulian oil contained significantly higher levels of total phenolics (4.8 mg GAE/g) and terpenoids compared to Ginampay, indicating a richer profile of bioactive compounds. Antibacterial activity, assessed using the Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion Assay against Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis, showed that Gulian oil exhibited concentration-dependent inhibition, specifically against Gram-positive bacteria. At 70% v/v dilution, it produced zones of inhibition of 9.01 mm and 6.17 mm against S. aureus and B. subtilis, respectively. In contrast, Ginampay oil demonstrated minimal or no antibacterial effects. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences among treatments (p < 0.05). Overall, the findings showed the superior phytochemical content and moderate antibacterial potential of Gulian seed oil, supporting its possible application as a natural therapeutic and antimicrobial agent, while Ginampay oil may require enhancement for effective antimicrobial use, indicating potential for formulation improvement.

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Author Biography

Dr. Reggie Y. Dela Cruz, Central Mindanao University

University Professor

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